A Comprehensive Guide to Successful Restaurant Construction
You’ve found a practical location with foot traffic and easy parking, and you’ve secured financing. The time to build your restaurant has finally arrived.
But because your restaurant must be functional, durable, and noticeably unique, restaurant construction requires technical precision and creativity, which makes your choice of contractor incredibly important.
It’s no secret that there’s a lot involved in restaurant construction, from designing and building to setting up operational and guest spaces, all of which require thorough planning and execution for success.
A well-thought-out design and layout ensure an efficient and functional space, and planning results in a detailed budget that covers all expenses, such as permits, materials, labor, and furnishings.
Then, there are specific building codes and regulations necessitating proper planning to obtain permits and ensure legal operation. Planning also allows for quality control with detailed specifications for materials, finishes, and equipment, ensuring high-quality standards and a professional outcome.
Let’s go over each essential step to successful restaurant construction in detail, from planning and design, regulatory compliance, timelines and project management, and current innovations to expert tips. We’ll also provide a detailed checklist to help streamline your restaurant construction process.
Let’s start with the most important first step: the initial planning and design phase.
The Important First Step: Initial Planning and Design
Details, details, details. There’s nothing more important to a construction project in general, but restaurant construction can get complicated.
Whether you’re renovating an existing space or building new, the contractor you choose should possess in-depth knowledge of rules, regulations, and restaurant building experience.
The success of your restaurant project requires some special considerations in the planning and design state, including:
- Exterior access and exits. You’ll need adequate access and egress for delivery trucks, garbage removal, and emergency services, and, if possible, to provide sample space for parking. Follow the Americans with Disabilities Act guidelines to provide accessibility for persons with disabilities and build ramps and other features if needed.
- Interior design. The interior design of your restaurant must match the style and feel of the cuisine and ambiance you want to create. It’s important to ensure that kitchen layouts are efficient, seating arrangements are comfortable, and decor matches your vision.
- Health and safety. Your restaurant must meet local health and safety regulations, including fire codes and sanitation requirements. When planning, be
sure to equip the kitchen with firefighting equipment, including fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems, and smoke detectors.
Before construction can begin, there has to be a solid plan in place. These are the critical components your contractor must take:
Research building codes and regulations. This can be a complex process involving national, state, county, and local government policies. Restaurants, in particular, have rigid rules to follow for fire safety, ventilation, and sanitation. If your restaurant is not code-compliant, it’ll require expensive retrofitting.
Perform a site inspection. Never solicit or accept a bid from a contractor who doesn’t conduct a thorough site inspection. It’s the only way to identify issues that could impact your project’s timeline and ultimate cost. Tests must be conducted for structural integrity, soil compaction, slope, and drainage. Then there are the utility hookups—do they align with needs and codes, or do they require modification?
Create a comprehensive plan. Now that the contractor knows the codes and has inspected the site, it’s time to put a construction plan in place. This plan should have all the details, from design and layout to material selection and budgeting. Task prioritization and resource allocation for every phase of the project will spring from this plan.
The project budget and timeline. The budget should be comprehensive to avoid cost overruns and delays. It should also be realistic, covering all materials, labor, and equipment costs. The timeline should have realistic milestones and checkpoints to keep things on track.
Design and layout. If you’re lucky enough to hire a contractor that offers design services, you’ll have one-stop shopping. Whoever is designing a project must consider the overall aesthetic as it applies to all visual elements, from furniture to appliances, flooring, and lighting.
Material and supply sourcing. You’ll want to work closely with your contractor to select durable, energy-efficient, sustainable, and health-compliant materials. Be sure to consider these items when developing a timeline.
The restaurant’s construction then begins, and any contractor worth its salt will keep you appraised throughout the entire process. After construction, various government bodies inspect and approve the project.
After the final sign-off, cleanup and handover come next. The next step is to plan your grand opening.
Meshing Aesthetics With Functionality
The interior design of your restaurant sets the tone, creates a mood, and reflects its identity. After all, you’re creating a sensory experience, and you want it to be a good one.
While a beautiful design might wow your guests, if it impedes functionality, you’ll lose customers fast.
This makes the restaurant layout particularly important, not just for the kitchen but also for guest areas. This means making everything from entrances and exits to restrooms and common spaces easily accessible.
Also, consider table placement. No one wants to sit next to the restrooms or in high-traffic areas. When designing your restaurant, consider lighting and design harmony.
Lighting adds ambiance, and it also influences guests’ perceptions of the food and overall dining experience. Place lighting strategically to highlight architectural features, artwork, or focal points to add visual interest and depth. Pendant lights above a bar create a focal point, drawing both attention and creating intimacy.
Poorly lit spaces with harsh fluorescent bulbs create an unpleasant dining atmosphere. The wrong lighting can make food appear less appetizing. Carefully consider light brightness, color, temperature, and placement.
Design harmony applies the principles of unity and variety, where all parts of the room work together to create a pleasing whole. This means creating not only an aesthetically pleasing environment but one that is functional while remaining within your brand identity.
- Choose flooring that is safe to prevent slips and falls, can withstand spills and high foot traffic, and is still pleasing to the eye—hardwood and luxury vinyl plank floors are good choices.
- Use the same logic for countertops in the kitchen and table surfaces in guest areas. Granite, quartz, or even stainless steel (depending on your look) are all durable and visually appealing.
- Add visual interest in the form of paneling, wallpaper, or tile.
Seating should be arranged to optimize space and comfort and accommodate differently sized groups. - Choose a color palette that reflects your brand identity, being mindful of the psychological effects of color. Red and other warm tones stimulate appetite, and cool tones like blue and green create a relaxing environment.
And, of course, add appropriate accessories. Ensure that everything is stain-resistant and easy to clean.
Regulatory Compliance
Regulatory compliance should be at the top of your list. Compliance keeps you open; a lack of it can see you quickly closed.
- The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has strict standards to protect employees, customers, and visitors.
- The National Fire Prevention Agency has changed its regulations to require new restaurant construction to include sprinklers, Class K fire extinguishers, and wet-chemical extinguisher systems.
- Don’t forget about state, county, and local ordinances. You can’t build a restaurant just anywhere. But zoning is just one hurdle. In the planning stage, be sure to include specific regulatory requirements for things such as unloading/loading spaces, the number of parking spaces, ingress and egress points, seating capacity, and ADA regulations.
Your contractor should have extensive knowledge of restaurant construction and provide the necessary expertise to navigate compliance and keep your project on schedule.
Don't Forget About Permits
It’s essential to educate yourself on permit requirements, even though your contractor will likely handle them. Non-compliance with the permit structure can result in fines, forced closures, and severe damage to your reputation.
So, how does this process work?
- Planning: Determine the project scope, complexity, expertise required, and budget. Next, enlist a reputable General Contractor to help with design planning and pulling the necessary permits. These pros know permitting details and can expedite the process.
- Application: The contractor consults local building officials to clarify permit requirements, prepares essential documents, and submits the application and
fees on the restaurateur’s behalf. - Review: The local building authority reviews and approves applications if they comply with the zoning and code requirements. Otherwise, they reject submissions and highlight issues the contractor must address.
- Issuance: The local building authority issues the contractor a building permit and gives the go-ahead to start construction work.
- On-site inspections: Your contractor builds within stipulated parameters, schedules inspections, and secures approvals throughout the project. Inspections vary based on what the local building authority deems necessary.
- Final approval: The local building authority conducts one last construction inspection to ensure code compliance before giving final approval.
You’ll also need a food service license from the health department, a food handling permit (most states require a food handler’s permit for everyone who stores, prepares, packages, or serves food), and waste disposal permits to get rid of fats, oils, and grease. You’ll also need a dumpster placement permit.
Restaurant owners and builders must follow permitting and compliance regulations and proactively engage relevant regulatory bodies throughout the project. Timely submissions, accurate documentation, and regular follow-ups keep your restaurant construction project on track.
Handling permitting and compliance yourself can become overwhelming, so partner with the right contractor who can take that stress off your plate.
Setting Timelines and Project Management Expectations
Running a close second to “Are we there yet?” is “When will it be finished?”
Realistic timelines are important. Equally important is the team that makes sure everything stays on track.
Restaurant construction can take anywhere between two and six months, depending on whether the restaurant’s style is take out, full service, or something in between.
Items that affect your project’s timeline can include:
- The pace of layout and design approval;
- The permit process;
- Site specifications;
- Material availability;
- Availability of labor; and
- Project complexity.
The right contractor will be transparent and forthright with you regarding any and all project management expectations and alert you to any and all disruptions that may arise along the way.
How to Avoid Common Restaurant Construction Mistakes
The quantity of moving parts in restaurant construction is enough to make anyone’s head spin, but there are strategies you can deploy that can help your project stay on track and within budget.
Start with extensive pre-construction planning. Enlist your contractor sooner rather than later when it comes to:
- Site selection. Choose a location near your target audience. If you want to cater to families, choose a site near a trendy neighborhood. A location near a business bdistrict will target professionals. But that isn’t the only consideration. Is the site
easily accessible by public transportation, main roads, and highways? How’s the drainage and slope? All of these things are important. - The budget. Do your research to develop a budget estimate that covers every necessity and then some. Be conservative but realistic. This will help you when
evaluating contractor bids. Keep in mind that material costs are variable and sometimes hard to predict. - The legal stuff. Zoning regulations, permitting, OSHA, and health regulations can be complex to navigate. Your contractor is the best resource here.
Then, be sure to:
- Create a cohesive design and layout. Make sure it’s operationally efficient, aesthetically pleasing, and practical.
- Account for interior décor and branding. You can’t overlook interior design. Be sure to integrate your brand identity into the restaurant construction process, and don’t forget about the importance of lighting.
- Select the right contractor. It’s imperative to choose a contractor with restaurant construction experience to avoid these and other pitfalls. These experts bring problem-solving techniques to the table, are familiar with the
permit process, and have vast experience with code compliance. This all ensures your restaurant is delivered on time without significant cost overruns or fines
for violations.
Next, let’s look at some innovative trends and techniques you can apply to your restaurant construction process to smooth things over even more.
Innovative Restaurant Construction Trends and Techniques
You should take the time to research and select a contractor who shows an active interest in new trends and techniques for restaurant construction, displaying a commitment to your vision and forward-thinking approach.
Sustainability is central to many construction projects. Sustainable materials can add durability and require less maintenance, resulting in long-term savings.
High-tech kitchen innovations keep you ahead of the curve and the competition by arming your new restaurant with:
- Antimicrobial surfaces, such as copper and stainless steel;
- Fiberglass-reinforced plastic panels that help meet food safety requirements;
- Smart appliances and Internet of Things technology that can transform your kitchen
with intelligent ovens and automated food safety management systems; and - Kitchen display systems that make order-taking and food preparation more efficient.
Smart dining areas with adaptive lighting solutions, programmable controls, and dynamic color schemes create immersive dining environments you can change throughout the day, setting the tone for a lively brunch with energizing hues or warm, subdued lighting for intimate dinners.
And don’t forget the exterior! Modern construction materials like cement cladding offer an almost endless array of design possibilities, from sleek and modern to rustic and beyond. What about a retractable roof over your outdoor dining space?
Here are a few additional examples of technology currently in use that are revolutionizing the building industry:
- 3D printing is revolutionizing the construction industry. Rapid prototyping and on-site fabrication mean faster build times and efficient resource use. A 3D model of your restaurant can help you visualize the design and find flaws before breaking ground.
- Building information modeling creates an accurate digital representation of the design, materials, services, and components. Everyone, from architects and engineers to designers and contractors, can collaborate on a single platform to improve accuracy.
- Virtual reality headsets allow architects and designers to create realistic simulations of buildings and their many different scenarios. This helps identify potential issues early in the design process, saving time and money. Construction companies can also create virtual job sites so workers can familiarize themselves with the project before arriving onsite.
- AI automates tasks such as scheduling, data analytics, and resource allocation.
- Drones can be used to map terrain for 3D models, survey job sites, monitor progress, inspect structures, and even deliver materials to hard-to-reach locations. By providing real-time data to project managers and others, efficiency, resource management, and decision-making are improved.
Let’s take a look at some more expert tips and best practices you can use for successful restaurant construction.
Expert Tips and Best Practices for Successful Restaurant Construction
When your restaurant is well-constructed, it operates smoothly and efficiently and provides a stellar customer experience.
Here are some tips for success.
Site Selection
Carefully select the site for your restaurant. It sets the foundation for all other aspects of construction. Consider factors such as foot traffic, visibility, accessibility, and parking availability when choosing a location.
Ensure you also comply with all zoning and legal requirements to avoid any delays or complications in the future.
Obtain necessary permits and licenses, adhere to building codes and regulations, and assess any potential restrictions or limitations.
Kitchen Design
Your restaurant’s kitchen design impacts business efficiency and productivity. A well-designed kitchen ensures smooth workflow, minimizes waste, and optimizes space.
Pay attention to:
- Layout and workflow: Design a flow that aligns with food preparation steps, from receiving to storage, preparation, cooking, and plating. Allow enough space for staff to move comfortably.
- Equipment selection and placement: Invest in durable, energy-efficient, and space-saving commercial-grade equipment. Select equipment based on your menu, volume, and layout, and place it strategically for easy access and to avoid congestion.
- Health and safety regulations: Comply with all regulations to ensure a safe working environment. This includes proper ventilation, sanitation, and waste disposal practices.
Materials and Furnishings
Diners come for more than just great food and service. They seek an experience.
Choosing the right materials and furnishings is key to setting the tone:
- Flooring, walls, and ceilings: Opt for durable and low-maintenance materials like hardwood and vinyl. You can also use brick or wood paneling to create a warm and inviting atmosphere. Consider soundproofing materials for a quieter dining experience.
- Furniture and decor: Select functional and visually appealing furniture that complements your brand. Consider seating capacity, arrangement, and traffic flow. Incorporate your brand’s color scheme and theme into the decor.
- Sustainable and cost-effective choices: Embrace sustainability by choosing eco-friendly and energy-efficient materials and equipment. LED lighting, low-flow water fixtures, and energy-efficient kitchen equipment are smart options.
Utilities and Infrastructure
Your restaurant’s utilities and infrastructure are its engines of efficiency.
Inadequate plumbing, electrical, or HVAC systems can lead to costly repairs, delays in operations, and dissatisfied customers.
- Plumbing and water systems: Ensure proper drainage, waste disposal, and water supply systems are in place to avoid potential disruptions or health hazards.
- Electrical setup and energy efficiency: Plan for adequate power supply based on your equipment, lighting, and other electrical needs. Consider
energy-efficient options such as LED lighting, motion sensors, and smart thermostats to reduce operational costs. - HVAC systems for a comfortable environment: Proper heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are crucial for maintaining a comfortable and inviting dining environment. Consider the size of your space, number of customers, and climate when selecting HVAC options.
To avoid potential hazards or legal issues, ensure you follow all safety regulations and obtain necessary permits when installing utilities and infrastructure.
Contractor Selection
The success of your restaurant construction project depends on partnering with the right contractor.
Look for someone who understands your vision, communicates well, and has a proven track record.
Do thorough research, review portfolios, and get multiple quotes. Discuss your budget upfront and have a detailed breakdown of costs on hand at all times.
Create a transparent contract with timelines and payment terms. A reputable contractor will offer valuable insights, manage subcontractors, and ensure timely completion within budget.
Restaurant Construction Phases
The construction phase consists of several stages and involves multiple parties and tasks.
Understanding each phase helps you anticipate challenges, stay on track, and ensure project success.
- Pre-construction planning: Detailed planning and strategizing before physical work begins. Tasks include site selection, permits, designs, budgeting, and contractor selection.
- Construction and execution: Actual construction work, which includes site prep, foundation work, building structure, interior and exterior finishes, installation of utilities and equipment, and final inspections.
- Post-construction evaluation and adjustments: Evaluate the final product and make
adjustments. Tasks include equipment testing, safety compliance, issue resolution, approvals, and preparation for the grand opening.
Construction duration varies based on project size and complexity. A well-defined timeline, regular communication with the General Contractor, and flexibility are crucial for unforeseen challenges.
Solving Challenges
Construction projects inevitably face challenges despite thorough planning. Taking the time to anticipate potential challenges, have contingency plans, and be proactive in finding solutions goes a long way to ensuring smooth completion.
Common pitfalls in restaurant construction include:
- Delays and setbacks: These can occur due to various factors such as weather conditions, supply chain issues, permit and approval processes, material shortages, or subcontractor issues. A flexible timeline and open communication with your General Contractor can help mitigate delays.
- Budget overruns: Poor planning, unexpected costs, changes in design or materials, and lack of cost control can lead to budget overruns. Create a detailed budget and stick to it while being open to finding cost-effective solutions.
- Design flaws or miscommunication: Misunderstandings between the contractor, designer, and client can lead to design flaws that may be costly to correct. Regular communication and frequent site visits can help prevent and address issues early.
A Checklist for Restaurant Construction Projects
Understanding all the phases you must complete before finalizing this project can help you plan and prepare for the workload.
Here’s a checklist to guide you through the process.
- Get the expert help you need. Don’t get overwhelmed or make costly mistakes. A contractor with restaurant construction experience can save you time, money, and stress.
- Set a ballpark budget. Create a budget. You won’t know the exact amount the restaurant will cost until you develop a plan and complete construction, but you can set a target price and a maximum amount you don’t want the project to exceed.
- Create a realistic timeline in collaboration with your contractor.
- Choose a site. Remember, it’s location, location, location. Research the competition. Select a spot that’s highly visible, easily accessible, and in the demographic area of your customers.
- Design comes next. You have your location, you have your concept, and now it’s time to design. A lot goes into this process, so hire a competent architect if your contractor doesn’t offer in-house design services.
- Get the right permits. Obtain all necessary permits and licenses required for restaurant construction and operation from local authorities. Ensure compliance with health, safety, and zoning regulations.
- Develop your construction plan. Outline the detailed steps involved in building your restaurant, including timelines, materials, labor, and budget allocations. This comprehensive roadmap will guide the construction process from start to finish.
A well-designed restaurant has charm, ambiance, and functionality that go beyond aesthetics to include an efficient workflow.
Seating
When planning out restaurant seating, it’s crucial to think about space:
- How much room do guests need to dine comfortably?
- How many tables can be fit into a particular space?
- Are there enough chairs to accommodate the number of guests?
The seating design must also consider the restaurant’s traffic flow, allowing for efficient movement and enough space for customers to walk without tripping over furniture or knocking into tables.
The colors and materials you select for the furniture should enhance your restaurant’s overall look and feel while still including your branding. The seating design should complement the overall style and theme of your restaurant.
Restrooms
An unpleasant washroom experience can quickly ruin a customer’s overall impression of the restaurant.
Prioritize hygiene and functionality. Utilize the latest restroom fixtures, such as water-efficient toilets and sinks, touchless flushing and faucets, and automatic soap dispensers to create a hassle-free, hygienic experience for your guests.
Install proper ventilation to prevent unpleasant odors from lingering in the washroom, and choose durable, easy-to-clean materials such as stainless steel for sink tops and floors.
Be mindful not to cramp the space to ensure ample room for guests to move without feeling claustrophobic. Ensure that your washrooms are ADA-compliant and up-to-date with the latest safety regulations.
Capacity
Restaurants must adhere to the legal occupancy limit set by the fire department, which is determined primarily based on the size of the building and exit doors.
Conventional wisdom says to allow a minimum of 12 square feet to 15 square feet per person for a full-service restaurant or 18 square feet to 20 square feet per person for a fine-dining restaurant with an 18-inch minimum space between occupied chairs.
To calculate the design occupant load, multiply the room’s length by its width, then divide it by the square footage. Keeping your restaurant’s capacity legal and within guidelines helps ensure customer safety, efficient traffic flow, and a pleasant dining experience.
Kitchen
The kitchen is the heart of a restaurant. A well-designed kitchen prioritizes functionality and practicality with ample storage and space for staff members to move around. The layout should be organized for efficient workflow and easy access to regularly used items.
Place refrigeration units close to the prep area for easy access, set up open shelves near the stovetops for chefs to grab ingredients quickly, and install enough storage units and shelving to accommodate the extra kitchen equipment.
The design should also consider air circulation, ventilation, and noise control.
Entrances and Exits
Accessibility, safety, and convenience are critical considerations for entrances and exits.
Double-door systems with automatic doors are highly recommended to create a seamless flow of movement for guests and staff members entering or leaving the restaurant. Install wide, well-lit entrances and exits with enough room for guests to enter or exit the building without feeling cramped.
Include additional exits in case of an emergency and use signs to direct guests towards the right doors. Install security cameras outside the entrance and exit points for added safety and use motion-activated lighting to create a secure environment.
Outdoor Areas
Incorporating outdoor areas into your restaurant design is an excellent way to use the available space attractively and functionally. Patios, decks, rooftop bars, and sidewalk cafés can add a unique charm to your restaurant while providing guests with an enjoyable dining experience.
Outdoor areas must adhere to local regulations and safety guidelines. Ensure there is adequate seating, lighting, and shelter in case of inclement weather. Choose weather-resistant furniture and decor such as umbrellas, outdoor rugs, and patio sets to make the area inviting. Provide sun protection in sunny climates and install heating systems for colder climates.
Creating a stunning restaurant building design is no easy task. While it might be tempting to tackle the project yourself, hiring an experienced professional ensures that all details are considered and that your design meets the highest possible standards.
Ensure Successful Restaurant Construction With RPC General Contractors
Creating a new restaurant can be incredibly rewarding.
The critical importance of thorough planning and execution in restaurant construction to achieve functionality, durability, and a unique identity cannot be overstressed.
Choosing a knowledgeable contractor with specific experience in restaurant construction ensures the successful realization of your project.
Pay attention to essential considerations in restaurant planning and design, including factors such as exterior access, interior design, and compliance with health and safety regulations.
Research building codes, conduct site inspections, create comprehensive plans, set budgets and timelines, design layouts, and choose the right materials.
Focus on elements such as lighting, design harmony, flooring choices, seating arrangements, color schemes, and accessories to integrate aesthetics and functionality in interior design.
Regulatory compliance, encompassing OSHA regulations, fire safety measures, and adherence to local ordinances, is crucial in restaurant construction to ensure a safe and legally compliant establishment.
Key considerations in restaurant construction have diverse aspects, from site selection and design to technology integration, sustainability practices, customer experience enhancement, kitchen design optimization, and aligning with evolving consumer behaviors.
And, above all, choose the right restaurant construction contractor.
At RPC General Contractors, we’ve helped many restauranteurs build the restaurants of their dreams, from casual spaces to trendy fine dining establishments. We can do the same for you.
Reach out to RPC General Contractors today for a consultation and to work with an experienced restaurant construction contractor.